Published 2022-09-05
Last update 2025-07-02
Snus Side Effects
Snus is a smokeless tobacco product that has been used in Sweden for centuries. It contains nicotine, which is an addictive substance. This guide explores how snus is commonly described to affect the body, along with considerations related to its use.
Key Points
- Snus is a smokeless tobacco product that delivers nicotine through the gums.
- Snus can cause both short-term and long-term effects that vary by individual.
- Regular use may lead to nicotine dependence over time.
Note: The sale of tobacco-containing snus is prohibited in the UK under the Tobacco and Related Products Regulations 2016. This article discusses traditional Swedish snus where it is legally available.
Is Snus a Drug?
Snus is a smokeless tobacco product that contains nicotine, which is classified as a stimulant. Nicotine itself is a natural compound within the nightshade plant family that’s found in the tobacco plant.
The nicotine in snus interacts with the brain, leading to effects on neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin, which can contribute to dependence and subjective feelings of stimulation or relaxation.1
While nicotine is an addictive compound, snus is not classified as a controlled narcotic under UK or EU law.
What Does Snus Do to Your Body?
When snus is placed under the lip, nicotine is absorbed via the mouth and enters the bloodstream. Research describes several immediate and long-term effects that some users may experience.
The snus side effects are variable and depend on factors such as nicotine strength, individual sensitivity, and frequency of use.
Common and Less Common Side Effects
Since individual responses to nicotine vary, not everyone will experience the same effects. However, research and user reports have described several side effects that some people may notice when using snus:
- Gum irritation or discomfort under the lip
- Hiccups during use
- Nausea or dizziness, particularly in new users or when using higher-strength products
- Tooth discoloration in some cases (more common with traditional tobacco-based snus)
Short-Term vs. Long-Term Effects
Let’s break it down into how the side effects may occur over time. The following snus side effects have been described in research on nicotine and smokeless tobacco products:
Short Term
Short-term effects typically resolve within a few hours of use. According to research by Singh et al., they can include:
- A mild tingling or warming sensation under the lip.
- Temporary increase in heart rate and blood pressure.
- A feeling of alertness or focus, attributed to nicotine’s stimulant properties.
- Hiccups or excess saliva production.
- Nausea or dizziness.
Long Term
Hajat et al. found in their research that long-term effects of snus may include:
- Gum irritation or recession where the pouch is placed for frequent, long-term users.
- Nicotine dependence - nicotine is known to be an addictive substance.
- Leukoplakia (white patches in the mouth) - reported in some users of traditional tobacco snus.
- Possible association with elevated blood pressure - some studies report increased cardiovascular measures among long-term users; results are mixed.
According to Hajat et al., European studies specifically on Swedish snus have:
- Not demonstrated increased risk of oral, head and neck cancers compared with non-users in most high-quality studies.
- Not demonstrated increased overall mortality or cardiovascular mortality.
- Shown mixed findings about risk of pancreatic and rectal cancer (some studies showed no association, one reported slightly increased rectal cancer risk).
Because individual risks vary, and research is still evolving, consider speaking with a healthcare professional if you have concerns about regular snus use.
What Does Snus Feel Like?
Many users describe an initial tingling sensation under the lip as nicotine begins to absorb As use continues, some report feeling alert or focused, while others note a sense of calm.1
Experiences vary significantly between individuals and depend on factors such as tolerance and pouch strength. Generally, the effects fade within minutes to hours after removing the snus.
Buy tobacco-free snus online on Northerner UK.
Factors That May Influence Side Effects
Here’s how each subfactor can be backed by evidence:
Nicotine Strength
Snus products come in varying nicotine strengths. Higher nicotine content may increase the likelihood of experiencing effects such as increased heart rate, dizziness, or nausea in some users.1, 2
Snus products are available in different strengths, including options that align with varying preferences.
Pouch Placement and Duration
Placing the pouch in the same spot repeatedly or leaving it in for prolonged periods can lead to gum irritation, or patches in the mouth (leukoplakia). Most users keep a pouch in for 20–40 minutes, or until they no longer feel an effect from the snus.1, 2
For more details, read about how long snus lasts.
Frequency of Use
Frequent use increases cumulative nicotine intake, which can contribute to dependence over time. Repeated nicotine exposure may lead to withdrawal symptoms when you stop using snus, such as irritability, cravings, or difficulty concentrating.
When to Speak to a Health Professional
Consider speaking with a health professional if you experience:
- Persistent or severe gum pain
- Ongoing nausea or headaches
- Difficulty stopping use
- Concerns about nicotine dependence
Frequently Asked Questions
Is snus bad for you?
There is no universal answer. Effects may vary depending on factors like frequency of use, nicotine strength, and individual health. Snus contains nicotine, which is addictive. If you have concerns about health or suitability, speak to a healthcare professional.
Is snus more harmful than smoking?
Snus and smoking deliver nicotine differently. Research findings vary, and no definitive comparative risk assessment is established. Individuals concerned about health risks should consult qualified medical professionals.
Can snus cause headaches?
Some users report headaches, particularly when using higher-strength products or during initial use.
What does snus do to your gums?
Snus may cause gum irritation or discomfort where it is placed. Prolonged use has been associated with gum recession in some studies. Good oral hygiene can mitigate this risk.
Sources
- Effects of Nicotine on the Central Nervous System and Sleep Quality in Relation to Other Stimulants: A Narrative Review, Singh N, Wanjari A, Sinha AH
- Health impact of smokeless tobacco products, Hajat C, Stein E, Ramstrom L, Shantikumar S, Polosa R
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